Which of the following best describes the concept of extinction in behavior analysis?

The concept of extinction in behavior analysis is best described as the process of discontinuing reinforcement for a previously reinforced behavior. In behavioral terms, extinction occurs when a behavior that was once reinforced no longer receives that reinforcement, which typically leads to a decrease in the frequency of that behavior over time. This method is grounded in the understanding that behaviors are often maintained by the consequences they produce. When the reinforcement is removed, the motivation to engage in that behavior diminishes, ultimately leading to its reduction or elimination.

This process is distinct from merely increasing reinforcement or introducing new behaviors, as those actions seek to enhance or change behavior rather than eliminating an undesired one. Additionally, encouraging spontaneous behavior does not directly relate to the mechanics of extinguishing a behavior; instead, it often aims to promote actions that may not have been previously reinforced. Thus, the discontinuation of reinforcement is the key aspect that clarifies why the definition of extinction is accurately recognized in this context.