What is a "token economy" within Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)?

A token economy is a systematic approach used in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) whereby individuals receive tokens as a form of reinforcement for exhibiting desired behaviors. The tokens serve as secondary reinforcers, meaning they hold value because they can be exchanged for other rewards or privileges. This system helps to motivate individuals by providing immediate, tangible feedback for their positive behaviors, making it an effective tool in behavior modification.

In the context of ABA, implementing a token economy can lead to increased compliance with desired behaviors, as individuals learn to associate token accumulation with positive reinforcement. This method is commonly used in various settings, including schools and therapy sessions, to establish and maintain desired behavioral outcomes over time.