What is a functional behavior assessment (FBA)?

A functional behavior assessment (FBA) is a systematic process used to identify the purpose or function of a specific behavior exhibited by an individual. This process involves gathering information through various methods, such as observations, interviews, and reviewing records, to determine the antecedents and consequences related to the behavior. By understanding the underlying reasons for the behavior—whether it is to gain attention, escape a task, or seek sensory input—interventions can be developed that effectively address and modify the behavior in a constructive way.

This approach is key in behavior analysis because it emphasizes the relationship between the behavior and the environment, rather than merely focusing on the behavior itself or attempting random assessment methods. Through a thorough understanding of the functions, practitioners can implement targeted strategies that meet the individual’s needs while promoting positive behavior change.